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    November 07

    定时炸弹option ARM

    这个图是告诉大家,我们正处于台风中心眼。因政府推出大量救助,早前有可能爆煲的次優(Alt-A) ARM並未如期發生。不過,這並不代表按揭危機完結。大量浮息可調節利率按揭貸款(ARMs)即將面對利率重新調節(Recast)的日子,次優ARM及規模更加龐大的Option ARM(選擇性可調息貸款,图中蓝色条条)進入新一輪違約潮,市場估計,在2010年年中將到達高峰。近期Option ARM斷供及違約率急升,已引起市場關注。瑞士信貸估計,目前美國仍未到期的Option ARM規模高達5000億元。惠譽指出,違約並拖欠超過九十天甚或斷供貸款佔比例已由去年的16%,上升至37%;違約拖欠超過三十天的比率則高達46%,但目前只有12%貸款已經重定息率而需要調加高利息。換言之,很多業主根本未需要等到合約訂明的重定息率日子,已經無力還款。
     
    Option ARM利率重订,平均來說,業主每月還款將上升63%,其中簽訂四十年長期的按揭合約,所面對的還款急增壓力最巨大。舉一個實例。北美《世界日報》訪問一位紐約業主情況,他在2004年以60萬元美元在曼哈頓買入一所公寓,向銀行貸40萬元,年利率浮息本是3.25%,他利用Option ARM選擇每月支1.25%,每月還息1333元。今年9月,物業價格已跌38%,這名業主要蝕賣,也賣不去。目前這筆貸款需要Recast,銀行開出利率6.5%,未支付的利息2%撥入本金,貸款總額升至逾42萬元(負攤銷所致),即是每月要還息2528元,較原來月息大升90%(即Payment Shock)。這些業主,最終選擇就是放棄還款,任銀行封屋收樓拍賣罷了,要申請再融資,其實也甚有難度。

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